{"id":160212,"date":"2006-10-28T19:04:28","date_gmt":"2006-10-28T19:04:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/plands.lemonadedigitalmedia.com\/?p=160212"},"modified":"2025-09-09T19:05:27","modified_gmt":"2025-09-09T19:05:27","slug":"%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%ae-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b4%d9%81%d9%88%d9%8a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/plands.lemonadedigitalmedia.com\/ar\/%d9%85%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%88%d8%ae%d9%8f%d8%b7%d8%a8\/%d9%85%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa\/2006\/%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%ae-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b4%d9%81%d9%88%d9%8a\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"col-md-12 main-content\">\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b 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href=\"https:\/\/www.plands.org\/ar\/articles-speeches\/articles\/2006\/sources-of-oral-history-and-its-relationship-to-t#fn:9\" rel=\"footnote\">9<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0643\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0634\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0622\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u0632\u0629.\u00a0<sup id=\"fnref:10\" class=\"footnote-ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.plands.org\/ar\/articles-speeches\/articles\/2006\/sources-of-oral-history-and-its-relationship-to-t#fn:10\" 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\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0627\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0643\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0648\u060c\u00a0<sup id=\"fnref:11\" class=\"footnote-ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.plands.org\/ar\/articles-speeches\/articles\/2006\/sources-of-oral-history-and-its-relationship-to-t#fn:11\" rel=\"footnote\">11<\/a><\/sup>\u00a0\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062c \u0647\u0645\u0631 \u0634\u0644\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0631\u0642\u0645 DAG \u201313\/3.3.1:10 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 Atrocities \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643. \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0644\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 (\u0643\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0646\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644)\u060c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0644\u0647\u0645 (\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0648\u064a). \u0648\u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0629 (\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0627) \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0628 \u063a\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u064a\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062f \u0648\u0645\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u062d\u0628\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0647.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0645\u0644\u0641: &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0642 28 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621&#8221; (Alleged burning of 28 Arabs alive).\u00a0<sup id=\"fnref:12\" class=\"footnote-ref\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.plands.org\/ar\/articles-speeches\/articles\/2006\/sources-of-oral-history-and-its-relationship-to-t#fn:12\" rel=\"footnote\">12<\/a><\/sup>. \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b \u062d\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a: \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645 16 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\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0637\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0632\u062e\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645 25\/7 (19 \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646) \u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0628\u0642 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0636\u0631\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0646 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\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0628\u062e\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0630\u0627\u0628\u0647. \u0648\u0644\u0633\u062a \u0623\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 1949 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u062d\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0641\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0628\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f 16 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u062d\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f 58 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0643\u0628\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0634\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 900,000 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0637\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0643\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"footnote\" class=\"col-md-12 footnote-list\">\n<p class=\"footnote-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634\u00a0<span class=\"small\">(\u21b5 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f\u202d \u202c\u0625\u0644\u0649\u202d \u202c\u0646\u0635)<\/span><\/p>\n<ol start=\"1\">\n<li id=\"fn:1\">Norman Finklestein, Holocaust Industries, Verso, London and New York, 2000.\u00a0<a class=\"footnote-rev\" href=\"https:\/\/www.plands.org\/ar\/articles-speeches\/articles\/2006\/sources-of-oral-history-and-its-relationship-to-t#fnref:1\" rev=\"footnote\">\u21b5<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:2\">\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0643\u0628\u0629: \u0646\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f 1947 \u2013 1952\u060c 6\u062c\u060c \u0635\u064a\u062f\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 1956.\u00a0<a class=\"footnote-rev\" href=\"https:\/\/www.plands.org\/ar\/articles-speeches\/articles\/2006\/sources-of-oral-history-and-its-relationship-to-t#fnref:2\" rev=\"footnote\">\u21b5<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:3\">\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0643\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0637 2 (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629\u060c 1967)\u061b \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u060c \u06373 (\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646: \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0631\u060c 1984)\u061b \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u062a\u062d\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c 1948: \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 450 [\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629]: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c 1988). \u0648\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1967 \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0621. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0648\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u062c\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u06372 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c 1995)\u061b \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646: \u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633\u060c \u06372([\u062f.\u0645.]: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u064a\u060c 1990)\u061b \u0628\u0647\u062c\u062a \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0636\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a: \u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u062c\u062a \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c 1916 \u2013 1949 (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 1993).\u00a0<a class=\"footnote-rev\" href=\"https:\/\/www.plands.org\/ar\/articles-speeches\/articles\/2006\/sources-of-oral-history-and-its-relationship-to-t#fnref:3\" rev=\"footnote\">\u21b5<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:4\">\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0627\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0627: \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e (\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c 1988)\u061b \u0647\u0634\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a: \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0644\u0633\u0646\u060c 1993)\u061b \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0643\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c 15\u060c \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062c\u060c \u062d\u064a\u0641\u0627: \u0630\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0628\u0631(\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0628\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c 1996). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u063a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0647\u0648: \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u063a\u060c \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644 (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c 1974) \u061b \u0623\u0646\u064a\u0633 \u0635\u0627\u064a\u063a\u060c \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0629 (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c 1968)\u061b \u0646\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c 1993)\u061b \u062d\u0627\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646: \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0631(\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c 1993)\u061b \u064a\u0627\u0641\u0627 \u0639\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u064a\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u0634\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629: \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u064a\u0627\u0641\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b\u060c 1991)\u061b \u0645\u064a \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0635\u064a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u0641\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c 1918 \u2013 1939 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a)\u060c \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 1997)\u061b \u0645\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0639\u0643\u0627: \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0630\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a(\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 1997)\u061b \u0625\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 2 (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 1997)\u061b \u0648\u0635\u0628\u062d\u064a \u0633\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u063a\u0648\u0634\u0647\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0633\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0628(\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a: [\u062f.\u0646.]\u060c1988).\u00a0<a class=\"footnote-rev\" href=\"https:\/\/www.plands.org\/ar\/articles-speeches\/articles\/2006\/sources-of-oral-history-and-its-relationship-to-t#fnref:4\" rev=\"footnote\">\u21b5<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:5\">\u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 20 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0643\u0644 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0643\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628: \u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0643\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0646\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0642\u0631\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1948 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0646\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643 (\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c 1997) \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 418 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0644 530 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u062c\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0647\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1948.\u00a0<a class=\"footnote-rev\" href=\"https:\/\/www.plands.org\/ar\/articles-speeches\/articles\/2006\/sources-of-oral-history-and-its-relationship-to-t#fnref:5\" rev=\"footnote\">\u21b5<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:6\">\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 Netanel Lorch, &#8220;The Edge of the Sword, Israel&#8217;s War of Independence, 1947-49&#8221;, Putnam &amp; Co., 1961. &#8220;Palestine War, 1947-1949, the Official Israeli Story (Arabic translation)&#8221;, Institute for Palestine Studies, Beirut, 2nd print, 1986.\u00a0<a class=\"footnote-rev\" href=\"https:\/\/www.plands.org\/ar\/articles-speeches\/articles\/2006\/sources-of-oral-history-and-its-relationship-to-t#fnref:6\" rev=\"footnote\">\u21b5<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:7\">\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: Tom Segev, &#8220;The First Israelis-1949&#8221; (Arabic translation), Institute for Palestine Studies, 1986. Simha Flapan, &#8220;The Birth of Israel, Myths and Realities&#8221;, Croom Helm, London and Sydney, p.189, 1987. Ilan Pappe, &#8220;The Making of the Arab-Israeli Conflict, 1947-1951&#8221;, I.B.Tauris, London and New York, 1992. Benny Morris, &#8220;The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem 1947-1949 Revisited&#8221;, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, New York, Sydney,2004.\u00a0<a class=\"footnote-rev\" href=\"https:\/\/www.plands.org\/ar\/articles-speeches\/articles\/2006\/sources-of-oral-history-and-its-relationship-to-t#fnref:7\" rev=\"footnote\">\u21b5<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:8\">\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631 \u0631\u0642\u0645 21 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 12\/11\/1948 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u064a (Moeri) \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0646 (Troyon)\u060c \u0645\u0644\u0641 G59\/I\/GC \u060c \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641.\u00a0<a class=\"footnote-rev\" href=\"https:\/\/www.plands.org\/ar\/articles-speeches\/articles\/2006\/sources-of-oral-history-and-its-relationship-to-t#fnref:8\" rev=\"footnote\">\u21b5<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:9\">\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631 \u0631\u0642\u0645 10 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 16\/6\/1948 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0645\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 (de Meuron)\u060c \u0645\u0644\u0641 G59\/I\/GC \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641.\u00a0<a class=\"footnote-rev\" href=\"https:\/\/www.plands.org\/ar\/articles-speeches\/articles\/2006\/sources-of-oral-history-and-its-relationship-to-t#fnref:9\" rev=\"footnote\">\u21b5<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:10\">\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0633\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u062b\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646\u060c 1 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2003.\u00a0<a class=\"footnote-rev\" href=\"https:\/\/www.plands.org\/ar\/articles-speeches\/articles\/2006\/sources-of-oral-history-and-its-relationship-to-t#fnref:10\" rev=\"footnote\">\u21b5<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:11\">Michael Palumbo, &#8220;The Palestinian Catastrophe: The 1948 Expulsion of a People from their Homeland&#8221;, Quartet Books, London, 1987.\u00a0<a class=\"footnote-rev\" href=\"https:\/\/www.plands.org\/ar\/articles-speeches\/articles\/2006\/sources-of-oral-history-and-its-relationship-to-t#fnref:11\" rev=\"footnote\">\u21b5<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:12\">\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0633\u062a\u0647\u060c \u062d\u0631\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1948\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628: \u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c 2001\u060c \u0635\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640 127 \u2013 150.\u00a0<a class=\"footnote-rev\" href=\"https:\/\/www.plands.org\/ar\/articles-speeches\/articles\/2006\/sources-of-oral-history-and-its-relationship-to-t#fnref:12\" rev=\"footnote\">\u21b5<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"fn:13\">\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u063a\u0632\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0633 \u0628\u0643\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 12\/ \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 1949\u060c \u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0632\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0627.\u00a0<a class=\"footnote-rev\" href=\"https:\/\/www.plands.org\/ar\/articles-speeches\/articles\/2006\/sources-of-oral-history-and-its-relationship-to-t#fnref:13\" rev=\"footnote\">\u21b5<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0646\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b. \u0641\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0642\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u063a\u0632\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0631\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u060c \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":160211,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[275],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-160212","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-275"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/plands.lemonadedigitalmedia.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/160212","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/plands.lemonadedigitalmedia.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/plands.lemonadedigitalmedia.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/plands.lemonadedigitalmedia.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/plands.lemonadedigitalmedia.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=160212"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/plands.lemonadedigitalmedia.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/160212\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/plands.lemonadedigitalmedia.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/160211"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/plands.lemonadedigitalmedia.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=160212"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/plands.lemonadedigitalmedia.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=160212"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/plands.lemonadedigitalmedia.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=160212"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}